rwanda
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Global Security Brice Nitcheu The eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been trapped in a complex and lengthy humanitarian crisis for decades. Since the 1990s, this region has been the centre of conflict, involving several armed groups, including the notorious M23 rebels, and serving as a stage for regional proxy wars (UNHCR, 2024). The
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The United Nations Charter enshrines territorial integrity as a cornerstone of international law . Yet, the international community’s contrasting responses to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine (2022–present) and Rwanda’s destabilisation of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC, 1994–present) reveal systemic biases shaped by geopolitical interests and historical hierarchies. This paper argues that Western powers and UN
The world affairs review 